The National Disaster Preparedness and Food Reserve Authority (NADFOR) leads drought risk monitoring in Somaliland through its monthly Drought Early Warning Bulletin. This report is produced with input from regional teams, mobile app data, NADFOR coordinators, and grassroots Community Early Warning Committees. Covering six key regions—Awdal, Maroodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool, and Sanag—the bulletin provides a monthly assessment of drought and disaster conditions based on end-of-month data collection.

The bulletin is built on continuous data collection by Village and Community Focal Points using the Mobile Early Warning System (MEWS) dashboard—a digital platform that centralizes early warning data. These focal points track and report key indicators, including:

• Rainfall performance
• Water availability and accessibility
• Pasture and browse conditions
• Livestock body conditions
• Livestock migration patterns
• Milk availability
• Outbreak of diseases (human and animal)
• Current agricultural conditions
• Terms of trade (livestock vs cereal prices)

    Environmental issues and uncertainty risks

   The National Disaster Preparedness and Food Reserve Authority (NADFOR) leads drought risk monitoring in Somaliland through its monthly Drought Early Warning Bulletin. This report is produced with input from regional teams, mobile app data, NADFOR coordinators, and    grassroots Community Early Warning Committees. Covering six key regions—Awdal, Maroodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool, and Sanag—the bulletin provides a monthly assessment of drought and disaster conditions based on end-of-month data collection.

The bulletin is built on continuous data collection by Village and Community Focal Points using the Mobile Early Warning System (MEWS) dashboard—a digital platform that centralizes early warning data. These focal points track and report key indicators, including:

• Rainfall performance
• Water availability and accessibility
• Pasture and browse conditions
• Livestock body conditions
• Livestock migration patterns
• Milk availability
• Outbreak of diseases (human and animal)
• Current agricultural conditions
• Terms of trade (livestock vs cereal prices)

 1.NA NADFOR Early Warning Monthly Bulletin. NADFOR produces Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin in close collaboration with district disaster management committees (officers of line ministries, community early warning committees, and etc.). This is the outcome of data collected by the Village/community EWCs under regional districts who monitor the key early warning indicators
1.1.Targeting Regions: Awdal, Marodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool and Sanaag regions: Monthly drought field monitoring is regularly undertaken in the end of every month to assess the current situations of the country and collecting data from all the early warning indicators
1.2.Early warning Indicators: Rainfall performance, Water availability and accessibility, Pasture and browse conditions, Livestock body conditions, Livestock migration pattern, Milk availability, Outbreak of diseases, Agricultural

 

1. NADFOR Early Warning Monthly Bulletin.

NADFOR produces Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin in close collaboration with district disaster management committees (officers of line ministries, community early warning committees, and etc.). This is the outcome of data collected by the Village/community EWCs under regional districts who monitor the key early warning indicators.

1. 1. Targeting Regions: Awdal, Marodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool and Sanaag regions:

Monthly drought field monitoring is regularly undertaken in the end of every month to assess the current situations of the country and collecting data from all the early warning indicators

1. NADFOR Early Warning Monthly Bulletin. NADFOR produces Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin in close collaboration with district disaster management committees (officers of line ministries, community early warning committees, and etc).
This is the outcome of data collected by the Village/community EWCs under regional districts who monitor the key early warning indicators.
Targeting Regions: Awdal, Marodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool and Sanaag regions: Monthly drought field monitoring is regularly undertaken in the end of every month to assess the current situations of the country and collecting data from all the early warning indicators (Rainfall performance, Water availability and accessibility, Pasture and browse conditions, Livestock body conditions, Livestock migration pattern, Milk availability, Outbreak of diseases, Agricultural current situations, and Terms of trade, as well as Environment Issues or uncertainty risk

Rainfall performance varied across Somaliland during the December 31-2022 to 2^nd January 2023. In the coastal and subcoastal areas, the rainfall amounts received during this period were heavy rains to moderate across the coastal plains and subcoastal areas in Zeila, Lughaya, Berbera and other parts lie in the eastern coastal areas which are under Berbera, Hagal, Hiis, Mayd and up to Lasqoray districts.

. In the Golis ranges, localized light to moderate rainfalls were reported across many areas of Borama, Baki Gabiley Darasalaam, Dooxaguban (areas under sahil region) during the same period. the moderate rainfall with average distribution was reported across most of Golis ranges of Awdal, M/jeeh, Sahil and Sanaag regions, Somaliland.

Overall, these rains will have helped to alleviate rangeland and water resource shortages, or localized rainfall was somewhat beneficial, rangeland conditions and water availability remain significantly below normal levels for most areas. Nevertheless, it is likely that the massive livestock migrations from rain-deficit areas with water and pasture shortages into the rained coastal and sub-coastal areas., while the rest of the country is expected to remain dry.

 

In the Hawd zone, most of the agropastoral and pastoral areas of Awdal, M/jeeh, Sahil. Togdheer and Sool received little to no rainfall during the 31^st December 2022 to January 2023 period.

Five Pastoral Livelihoods (Hawd, Northern Inland Pastoral(NIP), West Golis, East Golis and Guban)  Primary sources of income of poor: sale of livestock & livestock products  Primary sources of food of Poor HH: purchase and own production  Primary livelihood asset of Poor HH: camel and Sheep/goat
Two Agropastoral Livelihoods ( Togdheer Agropastoral and Northwest Agro-pastoral)  Togdheer Agropastoral: are more pastoral, however there is an increasing dependency on crop and fodder production. Main sources of income: sale of livestock, livestock products, fodder and selfemployment. Main source of food: Food purchase and own production  Northwest Agropastoral (W/Galbeed and Awdal): are more agriculturists than pastoralists. Main sources of income: sale of livestock, crops, livestock products and labour; Main sources of food: own crop production and purchase.

NADFOR REGIONAL Drought Early Warning - Monthly Bulletin Issued On 28^th September 2022

 

NADFOR produces Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin in close collaboration with district disaster management committees (officers of line ministries, community early warning committees, and etc). This is the outcome of data collected by the Village/community EWCs under regional districts who monitor the key early warning indicators. 

 

Targeting Regions: Awdal, Marodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool and Sanag regions:

Monthly drought field monitoring regularly takes place in the end of every month to assess the current situations of the country and collecting data from all the early warning indicators (Rainfall performance, Water availability and accessibility, Pasture and browse conditions, Livestock body conditions, Livestock migration pattern, Milk availability, Outbreak of diseases, Agricultural current situations, and Terms of trade, as well as Environment Issues or uncertainty risk).

Weekly weather forecast for Somaliland.

Headline: Wetter than usual conditions expected over most parts in the eastern regions of

Somaliland. 

Rainfall Forecast 04 - 11 October 2022: Moderate rainfall (50—200mm) expected over most parts of Somaliland especially for those areas in the eastern regions whereas less than 50mm of rainfall is expected over the western parts of Somaliland, according to the ICPAC weekly weather forecast

 

NADFOR produces Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin in close collaboration with district disaster management committees (officers of line ministries, community early warning committees, and etc). This is the outcome of data collected by the Village/community EWCs under regional districts who monitor the key early warning indicators.

 

Targeting Regions: Awdal, Marodijeeh, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool and Sanaag regions:

 

Monthly drought field monitoring is regularly undertaken in the end of every month to assess the current situations of the country and collecting data from all the early warning indicators (Rainfall performance, Water availability and accessibility, Pasture and browse conditions, Livestock body conditions, Livestock migration pattern, Milk availability, Outbreak of diseases, Agricultural current situations, and Terms of trade, as well as Environment Issues or uncertainty risk).

A Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin produced by NADFOR. This is the outcome of data collected by the regional teams led by  coordinators of NADFOR, with     the     support     of     Village/     Community     Disaster     Risk     Management Committees{CDRMC} and District officers of line ministries, who monitor the Key Early Warning Indicators. These EW-indicators include: 
1.    Rainfall performance. 
2.    Water availability and accessibility 
3.    Pasture and browse conditions. 
4.    Livestock body conditions
5.    Livestock migration pattern.
6.    Milk availability. 
7.    Outbreak of diseases 
  Market conditions. 
8.    Terms of trade. 
9.    Environment Issues and uncertainty risk.

A Drought Early Warning-Monthly Bulletin produced by NADFOR. This is the outcome of data collected by the regional teams led by  coordinators of NADFOR, with the          support       of      Village/       Community      Disaster      Risk Management Committees{CDRMC} and District officers of line ministries, who monitor the Key Early Warning Indicators. These EW-indicators include:

1. Rainfall performance.
2. Water availability and accessibility
3. Pasture and browse conditions.
4. Livestock body conditions
5.  Livestock migration pattern
6. Milk availability.
7. Outbreak of diseases
8.  Market conditions.
9. Terms of trade.
10. Environment Issues and uncertainty risk.

Late in November, the National Disaster Preparedness and Food Reserve Authority (NADFOR) released a report revealing the current drought situation as a result of the poor performance of Gu rainy season and the failures of Deyr rainy season, which resulted in a widespread drought situation across the country, particularly in the eastern regions. The 83th Cabinet Ministries meeting the President of the Republic of Somaliland H.E. Muse Bihi Abdi nominated the National Drought Committee (NDC), which is chaired by the Vice President

The NDC has conducted drought rapid assessment in all the regions in Somaliland in between 19 to 31 December 2021, identified that there is a severe shortage of water and pasture in the assessed locations/districts of the Eastern regions (Togdheer, Sool, and Sanaag) and Hawd of Marodijeeh region, whereas the Guban districts, particularly the coastal and sub-coastal areas of the Awdal and Sahil regions, have adequate water but face severe pasture and food shortages. This rapid assessment was commissioned National Drought Committee (NDC) with the collaboration of international partners.

 

The Rapid assessment stated that the drought is affecting 810,000 people currently, who require immediate assistance (Water, Food, and health services). If the drought continues in the coming four months, the report projects that the drought-affected population will climb to 49% increase, making 1,200,420 people affected